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Pramathi is one of the karmas (actions) described in the pharmacological actions of dravyas (substances) in Ayurveda.
It is a specific action attributed to certain drugs that scrape, disintegrate, or disturb sticky morbid material (especially āma or kapha) adhered inside the body channels (srotas).
The term "Pramathi" comes from the root "math", meaning to churn, disturb, or dislodge.
Pramathi dravyas are those which dislodge adhered morbid materials (like āma, kapha) from the srotas and help in their expulsion.
These substances act by scraping, penetrating, and disturbing the compacted pathological accumulations inside body channels.
They are typically tikṣṇa (sharp), uṣṇa (hot), and sūkṣma (subtle) in nature.
Tikṣṇa (sharp) – Can penetrate deeply and act on subtle blockages.
Uṣṇa (hot) – Helps liquefy and break down accumulated kapha and āma.
Sūkṣma (subtle) – Can enter minute channels and reach deep-seated doṣas.
Vyavāyi and Vikāśī – Spread rapidly throughout the body and help loosen the blocks.
Body channels (srotas) are responsible for transport of dhātus, malas, and doṣas.
Due to āma, kapha or other pathological materials, these srotas get blocked or narrowed.
Pramathi dravyas help in:
Clearing srotorodha (obstruction of channels).
Enhancing movement of vāta by removing the obstruction.
Restoring normal physiological flow in the srotas.
Especially useful in kapha-dominant conditions, where sticky mucus-like material adheres to tissues.
Helps in:
Breaking the attachment of kapha and āma to body tissues.
Facilitating doṣa expulsion during śodhana therapy.
Reducing āma and aiding in its digestion and elimination.
Marica (Black pepper)
Tikṣṇa, uṣṇa, sūkṣma.
Dislodges kapha and improves digestion.
Pippalī (Long pepper)
Enhances digestion, clears mucus.
Śuṇṭhī (Dry ginger)
Acts on āma and kapha in respiratory and GI tract.
Chitraka (Plumbago zeylanica)
Potent pramathi and dīpana drug.
Trikatu (Combination of Pippalī, Marica, Śuṇṭhī)
A classical formulation with strong pramathi effect.
In Āmavāta (Rheumatoid arthritis):
Used to dislodge āma from sandhi (joints).
Facilitates internal cleansing when combined with dīpana-pācana.
In Prāṇavaha Srotoduṣṭi (Respiratory disorders):
Helps remove thick kapha/mucus from lungs and upper respiratory tract.
Useful in śvāsa (asthma), kāsa (cough).
In Agnimāndya (Low digestion):
Breaks down compacted āma in GI tract.
Improves jatharagni function when used with dīpana drugs.
In Kapha Granthi and Medoroga (Obesity, nodules):
Dislodges accumulated kapha/meda from sites like abdomen, glands.
Helps clear obstructions in medovaha srotas.
During Śodhana (Vamana, Virechana) preparation:
Pramathi drugs are used in snehapāna and pūrvakarma to loosen doṣas.
Facilitate upward/downward expulsion during emesis or purgation.
Trikatu Cūrṇa – Used in āma, agnimāndya, kapha viśeṣa rogas.
Vaṭi/Leha containing Chitraka or Marica – Commonly given for deep-seated āma.
Pañcakolā Cūrṇa – Combination of five pungent drugs used to liquefy and remove āma.
Always remember: Pramathi = churns, disturbs, dislodges kapha and āma.
It works best along with dīpana and pācana in kaphaja and āma-related conditions.
Used before śodhana to prepare body for effective elimination of doṣas.
Tikṣṇa, uṣṇa, sūkṣma properties are key identifiers of pramathi dravyas.
