DARUNAKA-INDRALUPTA-KHALITYA-PALITYA

DARUNAKA-INDRALUPTA-KHALITYA-PALITYA

DARUNAKA

NIDANA (ETIOLOGY)

• Excessive intake of guru, snigdha, abhishyandi ahara

• Kapha-vata prakopaka nidana

• Poor scalp hygiene

• Excessive use of chemical-based hair products (modern view)

SAMPRAPTI (PATHOGENESIS)

• Vitiation of kapha and vata doshas in the romakupa (hair follicle openings) and twak

• Leads to dryness, scaling, and itching

• Dandruff formation due to accumulation of shleshma (kapha) and dryness due to vata

SANSKRIT REFERENCE
सुश्रुत संहिता उत्तर तंत्र 22/18
कफवाताभिभूताङ्गः स्थूलरोमाञ्चितत्वचः |
शिरःकण्डूं रुषार्तिं च स्रवणं चोपलिप्य च ||

LAKSHANA (SYMPTOMS)

• Kandu (itching)

• Twak rukshata (dryness of scalp)

• Pidaka (small eruptions)

• Swapa srotas avarana (blocking of hair roots)

• Falling of white scales (dandruff)

MODERN CORRELATION

• Comparable to seborrheic dermatitis or dandruff

• Caused by Malassezia furfur, hormonal changes, or stress

CHIKITSA (TREATMENT)

SHODHANA

• Mridu virechana with trivrit, haritaki

• Nasya with anu taila

SHAMANA

• Use of taila such as bhringamalaka taila, neelibhringadi taila

• Lepa with amalaki, neeli, and jatamansi

• Internal use of gandhaka rasayana, triphala churna

MODERN MANAGEMENT

• Use of anti-fungal shampoos (ketoconazole)

• Coal tar shampoo, salicylic acid-based scalp lotions

• Moisturizers to prevent dryness

INDRALUPTA

NIDANA (ETIOLOGY)

• Psychological stress

• Agantuka hetu like krimi

• Pitta and rakta dusti

• Local trauma or injury to scalp

• Hormonal imbalance (modern view)

SAMPRAPTI (PATHOGENESIS)

• Vitiated pitta and rakta along with vata

• Krimi enters the hair follicles and obstructs the hair root

• Causes hair fall in patches

SANSKRIT REFERENCE
अष्टाङ्गहृदय उत्तर तंत्र 24/23
इन्द्रलुप्तं तु यत्त्रासात् रोमाण्येकैकशो नयेत् |
सशूलानि सवर्णानि शीतकुण्डलवन्निभम् ||

LAKSHANA (SYMPTOMS)

• Sudden hair loss in circular patches

• Shoola (mild pain) at the site of lesion

• Hair follicles visible

• Itching in some cases

MODERN CORRELATION

• Resembles Alopecia areata

• Autoimmune disorder attacking hair follicles

CHIKITSA (TREATMENT)

SHODHANA

• Raktamokshana (jalouka or prachchanna)

• Virechana with trivrut, snuhi

SHAMANA

• Use of rasayana drugs like amalaki, guduchi

• Lepa of katu-tikta dravyas

• Nasya with anu taila

MODERN MANAGEMENT

• Intralesional corticosteroid injections (e.g., triamcinolone)

• Topical minoxidil

• Immunotherapy in chronic cases

KHALITYA

NIDANA (ETIOLOGY)

• Pitta prakopaka ahara

• Excessive exposure to sun and heat

• Stress and anxiety

• Genetic predisposition

SAMPRAPTI (PATHOGENESIS)

• Pitta dosha affects the hair root

• Vitiated rakta and pitta weaken the hair follicle

• Gradual hair fall and thinning of hair

• Vata aggravation leads to dryness and cracking of hair shaft

SANSKRIT REFERENCE
अष्टाङ्गहृदय उत्तर तंत्र 24/22
पित्तात् क्षयं गच्छति रोममूलं
तेन क्षयं यान्ति शिरोरुहास्ते |
पालेन चाऽऽदत्तविशेषयुक्तं
वातः करोत्येव तदन्वयानम् ||

LAKSHANA (SYMPTOMS)

• Gradual hair loss

• Thinning of hair on vertex

• Premature baldness

• Associated burning sensation in scalp (in pitta prakopa)

MODERN CORRELATION

• Comparable to Androgenetic alopecia

• Male or female pattern baldness

• Hormonal (testosterone/DHT mediated), genetic factors

CHIKITSA (TREATMENT)

SHODHANA

• Virechana with draksha, trivrit

• Nasya with ksheerabala taila

SHAMANA

• Bhringamalaka taila abhyanga

• Internal use of narsimha rasayana, bringaraj, amla churna

• Rasayana therapy for rejuvenation

MODERN MANAGEMENT

• Minoxidil 5% topical application

• Finasteride in males (cautiously used)

• PRP (Platelet-rich plasma) therapy

• Hair transplantation in irreversible cases

PALIITYA

NIDANA (ETIOLOGY)

• Pitta and rakta dushti

• Shoka, krodha, chinta (mental factors)

• Genetic tendency

• Deficiency of micronutrients (modern view)

SAMPRAPTI (PATHOGENESIS)

• Vitiated pitta and rakta affect hair color pigments

• Bhrajaka pitta dushti leads to early greying

• Agnimandya and dhatu kshaya also contribute

SANSKRIT REFERENCE
अष्टाङ्गहृदय उत्तर तंत्र 24/21
स्वेतानि च केशयुगानि यानि
पालित्य नामापदि यान्ति यत्र |
तेषां च हेतोः पवनः प्रदुष्टो
व्रणैः सहैवोपरमं प्रयाति ||

LAKSHANA (SYMPTOMS)

• Premature greying of hair

• Hair loses luster and turns white/silver

• Accompanied by dryness, sometimes hair loss

MODERN CORRELATION

• Resembles Premature Canities

• Linked with genetics, stress, thyroid disorders, vitiligo, vitamin B12 deficiency

CHIKITSA (TREATMENT)

SHODHANA

• Virechana with amalaki, trivrit

• Nasya with bhringamalaka taila

SHAMANA

• Use of rasayana herbs like amalaki, haritaki, bringaraj

• Lepa with neeli, mandura bhasma, keshya dravyas

• Internal intake of narsimha churna, bhallataka rasayana

MODERN MANAGEMENT

• Supplementation of Vitamin B12, copper, and antioxidants

• Use of hair dyes (temporary solution)

• Research ongoing in gene therapy and melanocyte stimulation